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Index
position of the baby, 170–171,
190–191
pre-eclampsia, 180
progress of labor, 185
pulse, 178
sexually transmitted infections
(STIs), 321, 323–335
shock, 239
speed of birth, watching, 202–205
in stage 1 (opening), 170–193
in stage 2 (pushing), 202–205
stage 2 (pushing) near or starting,
195
temperature, 178–179
thrush (yeast infection), 290
torn womb, 185, 205
vaginal infection, 272
watching for, 163
when to go to birth, 151
womb infection, 179, 185, 271
Single mothers, 105
Sitting up when pregnant, 78
Size
Also see Weight
large baby, 254, 258
large baby in past, 94, 115
measuring the womb, 90, 130–135
small baby, 125, 221, 254,
256–257, 292
small baby in past birth, 94
womb bigger than normal, 115
Skin
Also see Color (mother)
checking baby’s, 265
color (baby), 244–245, 266, 279
dark patches, 79
loss of stretchiness, 159
pale, shock and, 239
purple spots, 79
Sleep
Also see Rest; Tiredness
during pregnancy, 44, 75
getting up and down during
pregnancy, 78
heartburn and, 75
strange dreams and nightmares,
82
Sleepiness
Also see Tiredness
causes other than pregnancy, 86
during pregnancy, 75, 86
Slides, making posters from, 447
Slow birth. See Encouraging labor;
Long labor
Slow heartbeat (baby), 141,
172–173, 177, 184, 208, 243, 255
Slow pulse (mother), 178
Small baby, 221, 256–257
Also see Early birth
breastfeeding and, 292
causes of, 257
limp, weak, or does not wake up,
254
medical help needed for, 221, 256
in past pregnancies, 94
problems possible for, 256
what to do for, 257
Smelly vagina, 77, 321
Smoke, avoiding during
pregnancy, 104
Smoking. See Tobacco
Sodium hypochlorite solution.
See Bleach
Soft spots in baby’s head
(fontanels), 259
Sonogram, 90, 433, 434
Sore nipples, 290
Sores
on genitals (genital ulcers),
329–333
poor nutrition and, 117
Sounds
Also see Heartbeat (baby)
helping the mother push, 201
making in stage 1 (opening), 169
Speculum exam, 377–383
described, 373
giving, 377–379
Pap test for infections or cancer,
379, 381–383
vinegar test for HPV, 379, 380
Speeding labor. See Encouraging
labor; Long labor
Spermicides, 301, 304, 305
Sperm (semen)
germs in, 49, 50
reproduction and, 29, 30
Sponge method for family
planning, 317
Spontaneous abortion.
See Miscarriage
Spots
rubella (German measles), 45, 95
on skin, 79
Spotting, 79, 112. Also see Bleeding
Spring scale, homemade, 446
Square knot, 214
Squeezing exercise (Kegels), 44
Stage 1 of labor. See Opening (stage
1 of labor)
Stage 2 of labor. See Pushing (stage
2 of labor)
Stage 3 of labor. See Birth of the
placenta (stage 3 of labor)
Starting labor. See Encouraging
labor
Steaming
gloves, 66
sterilizing tools by, 61–63
Sterile gloves. See Gloves
Sterile packets, 65
Sterilization for family planning,
301, 315
Sterilizing equipment
Also see Cleanliness
by baking, 61
bedding, 58
before birth, 153, 168
before inserting IUDs, 392
before manual vacuum aspiration
(MVA), 420–421
by boiling, 62
chemicals for, 63–64
defined, 59
gloves, 66
High Level Disinfection (HLD)
and, 59
infection prevented by, 51
items requiring sterilization, 60
mucus bulb (bulb syringe), 66
needles, 66
by pressure steaming, 61–62
razor blades, 65
by steaming, 62–63
storing tools and supplies, 64–65
thermometers, 65
tools, 59–64
Stethoscopes, 139, 445
STIs. See Sexually transmitted
infections (STIs)
Stitches. See Sewing a tear or
episiotomy
Stomach problems
nausea (morning sickness), 73–74,
86, 110–111
pain (heartburn), 74–75
poor nutrition and, 117
Stool
baby does not pass in first day,
256
black, 36
constipation, 36, 76–77
diarrhea (loose stool) in baby, 275
diarrhea (loose stool) in mother,
50, 111, 150, 343
disposing of, 67
enemas, avoiding during
pregnancy, 77
germs in, 49
leaking freely after birth (mother),
273
meconium (baby’s first stool),
174–175, 209, 213
in waters, 174–175, 209, 213
Stopping pregnancy. See Abortion;
Miscarriage
Storing
bedding, 58
tools and supplies, 64–65
523
A Book for Midwives (2010)