58 chapter 6
Developmental delay:
child slow to
learn to use
her body
or develop
basic skills
Contractures
joints that no longer
straighten because
muscles have shortened
Joints
will not
straighten.
Behavior problems
Slow to learn
certain things only;
otherwise intelligent.
Speech and
communication problems
other problems that
sometimes occur
secondary to other
disabilities
(Some of these we have
already included in this
chart.)
DISABILITIES THAT OFTEN OCCUR WITH OR
ARE SECONDARY TO OTHER DISABILITIES
caused by slow or
incomplete brain function
or by severe physical
disability, or both
caused by overprotection:
treating children like
babies when they could
do more for themselves
• usually due to muscle
weakness or spasticity
• Often, muscles that pull a joint
one way are much weaker than
those that pull it the other way
(muscle imbalance).
sometimes due to scarring
from burns or injuries
may come from:
•••
•
brain damage
difficulty understanding
overprotection
difficult home situation
things
(Some children with epilepsy
from brain damage may pull out
hair, bite themselves, etc.)
••
often over-active or nervous
sometimes behavior problems
• often, but not always, due
to deafness or mental
•
slowness (or both)
Some children can
hear
well and are
but still
cannot
speak.
often seen in:
•
••
mental slowness
cerebral palsy
severely or multiply
disabled children
some delay can occur with
almost any disability
often secondary to:
•••••
•••
polio
cerebral palsy
spina bifida
arthritis
muscular dystrophy
Erb’s palsy
amputations
leprosy
burns
behavior problems common with:
•
••
mental slowness
seizures (epilepsy)
cerebral palsy
and for emotional reasons,
with:
••
••
spinal cord injury
muscular dystrophy
deafness
learning disability
learning disability
may occur with:
•
••••••
•
deafness
developmental delay
cerebral palsy
Down syndrome
hypothyroidism
children who stay small
brittle bone disease
cleft lip and palate
(Deafness may occur
together with these and
other disabilities.)
Main disability
• cerebral palsy
• many disabilities with paralysis
• persons who have lost
feeling: leprosy, spinal
cord injury, spina bifida
Common secondary disabilities
•••
blindness
deafness
seizures
• spinal curve
•••
pressure sores
osteomyelitis (bone infection)
loss of urine and bowel control
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Disabled village Children